companies law The companies act, 2013 Working knowledge only at foundation level Meaning and characteristics of a company Corporate veil theory and lifting of corporate veil Classes of companies Incorporation of company Memorandum of association and articles of association Scope of new companies act 2013. 470 sections, seven schedules included in 29 chapters. Preceded by […]
Under this chapter we learn following topics Statistics and its applications Data collection technique Distinction between primary and secondary data Presentation of data in textual and tabular Cumulative frequency and frequency distribution Graph using histogram, frequency polygon and pi chart Use of statistic : Statistic is used in all subjects like management, commerce, mathematics, social […]
Consignment It is a principal and agent relationship. Person who sends goods will be consignor. Person who receive the goods will be consignee. Performa invoice – consigner provides to consignee for the details of goods like quantity, price etc. Account sales – periodically consignee sends details of transaction to consignor. Risk of goods will be […]
Inventory Meaning : Held for sale in ordinary course of business. Used as a material in production Consumed in the production or maintenance -oil, Greece etc. It also includes loose tools , supplies and spare parts. Under construction project of builder is also a inventory. Standby equipment of Fixed asset is also fixed asset. At […]
BILL OF EXCHANGE There are various types of negotiable instruments like bill of exchange, promissory notes and cheque etc. Bill of exchange : A orders to B pay to C . A is drawer, B is drawee, acceptor and payer while c is payee. It is an unconditional order to pay a sum of money […]
Bank reconciliation statement In modern times, bank transactions are increased and cash transactions are decreased due to increase in volume of business, safety, and compliance of law. Bank is a financial institute established as per RBI norms doing following functions. Discount promissory notes, B/E etc Allows the facility of Bank overdraft Collects dividend and interest […]
Share Capital Transactions A company is an artificial judicial person created by law and liquidated by law having common seal, perpetual succession etc. Journal entries: Application money received: Bank A/c Dr. To equity share application account Resolution passed: Equity share application account Dr. To Equity share capital account Allotment resolution: Equity share allotment […]
best summary notes Depreciation Meaning it is allocation of capital expenditure during useful life of an asset. Depreciable asset: Held for use and having useful life exceeds one year and having limited life only. Land has unlimited life hence it is a non depreciable asset. Causes/reasons for deprecation Normal wear tear(use) Efflux of time Change […]
joint venture summary notes and practical questions Each co – venture keeps records of own transactions only Under this method following two accounts are prepared separately, there is no double entry. Memorandum joint venture account Joint venture with other co-venture account Memorandum joint venture account is a similar profit and loss account, in this account […]
Fixed and fluctuating capital Permanent addition or deduction of capital will be recorded in fixed capital. While interest on capital, interest on drawing, drawings, profit or loss for the year, remuneration of partners – regular nature transactions will be recorded in fluctuating capital account, Interest on capital: If it is mentioned in deed then only […]
